North of Cairo (Egypt’s capital city) is the sprawling, triangular Nile River Delta. Northern Egypt has wide valleys near the Nile, and desert to the east and west. Southern Egypt’s landscape contains low mountains and desert. The river empties into the Mediterranean Sea, on the country’s north coast. The sections are named this way because the Nile flows from south to north. When this happens, floods cover the river’s valleys, leaving sediments needed for trees, plants and crops to grow.Įgypt is often divided into two sections – Upper Egypt in the south and Lower Egypt in the north. But each summer, the Nile river rises because of rains at its source, far to the south in Ethiopia. Only about an 2.5cm of rain falls throughout Egypt each year. Without the Nile River, all of Egypt would be desert. Incredible ancient monuments, scorching deserts and bustling cities – this ancient country is now a sprawling, modern landscape! Read on to learn about the Egypt of today…
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It’s thought that most families kept a cat as a pet, which they believed would bring the household good luck!ĩ) Love playing board games with your pals? Well, gang, so did the Ancient Egyptians! One popular game was Senet, which was played for over 2,000 years! The game involved throwing sticks (in the same way we throw dice) to see how many squares to move your piece forward on the board.ġ0) The Ancient Egyptians invented lots of things we still use today, such as paper, pens, locks and keys and – believe it or not – toothpaste!ĭid you know that we have a FREE downloadable Ancient Egypt primary resource? Great for teachers, homeschoolers and parents alike! Yikes!Ħ) The Egyptian alphabet contained more than 700 hieroglyphs! Uncover the meaning behind these ancient symbols by checking out our awesome hieroglyphics feature.ħ) Ancient Egyptians believed in more than 2,000 deities! They had gods for everything, from dangers to chores! Each had different responsibilities and needed to be worshipped so that life could be kept in balance.Ĩ) Cats were considered sacred animals by the Ancient Egyptians. Its purpose was to ensure that everyone in the kingdom, no matter what city they lived in, received the same justice and punishments, rather than rely on the whims of individual governors.5) Unwrapped, the bandages of an Ancient Egyptian mummy could stretch for 1.6km.
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Ur-Nammu also did the considerable work of constructing an organized and complicated legal code that is considered the first in history. During his reign, he started massive projects to build walls around his capital city, to create more irrigation canals, construct new temples and rebuild old ones. Figurines from the time depict him carrying building materials. Utuhegal’s reign was brief, with Ur-Nammu, the former governor of Ur, taking the throne, starting a dynasty that would rule for about a century. when Utuhegal, king of Ur, overthrew the Gutians. The final gasp of Sumer leadership came in 2100 B.C. It was during Gutian reign that the grand city of Agade decayed into wreckage and disappeared from history. Their era is marked by decentralized chaos and neglect. following the reign of the last Akkadian king, Naram-Sin’s son Sharkalisharri. Naram-Sin considered himself divine and was leveled with charges of sacrilege. Sargon’s grandson, Naram-Sin, took the throne in 2292 B.C. Rimush’s brother Manishtushu met the same fate. Sargon ruled for 50 years, and after his death, his son Rimush faced widespread rebellion and was killed.
This last Kish dynasty ruled for a century before Uruk king Lugal-zage-si ruled for 25 years before Sargon took control in 2234. Kubaba’s son, Puzur-Suen, eventually reigned, bringing in the fourth dynasty of Kish, following a brief ascendency of Unzi, the first in the Akshak Dynasty. She is the only female listed on the Sumerian King List, which names all rulers of Sumer and their accomplishments. the only woman to rule the Sumerians, Kubaba, took the throne. Lugalannemundu also conquered the Gutian people, who lived in the Eastern Iraqi mountains and who would later come to rule Sumer. The Kish kept control briefly until the rise of Uruk King Enshakushanna, whose brief dynasty was followed by Adabian conqueror Lugalannemundu, who held power for 90 years and is said to have expanded his kingdom up to the Mediterranean. The first conflict resulted in the kingdom of Awan seizing control and shifting the ruling body outside of Sumer until the kingship was returned to the Kish. Somewhere around 2600 B.C., a power struggle erupted between the leaders of Kish, Erech and Ur, which set off a “musical-chairs” scenario of rulers for the region for the next 400 years.
A devastating flood in the region was used as a pivotal point in the epic poem and later reused in the Old Testament story of Noah.